VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide) is a 28-amino-acid neuropeptide widely distributed in the CNS, enteric nervous system, lungs, and immune organs. It binds VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors — Gs-protein-coupled receptors that activate the cAMP/PKA cascade in target cells. The diversity of tissues expressing VPAC explains an remarkably broad biological profile: from relaxation of bronchial and intestinal smooth muscle to immune response regulation and neuroprotection. For this reason, VIP is called a "molecule of a thousand applications" in pharmacology.
The immune profile of VIP is simultaneously anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory: it suppresses macrophage and microglia activation via NF-κB and AP-1 inhibition, reduces TNF-α, IL-6, NO, and chemokine production, blocks TLR-2/4 upregulation, preventing hypersensitivity to bacterial components. In parallel, VIP shifts T-helper polarization toward the regulatory Treg phenotype, reducing autoimmune aggression — studied in rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and inflammatory bowel disease. In the lungs, VIP is a potent bronchodilator and anti-fibrotic agent, making it promising for pulmonary hypertension and fibrosis.
Neuroprotective potential is realized through activity-dependent neurotrophic factor (ADNF) activation: VIP via VPAC1 on glial cells induces ADNF synthesis, which protects neurons from β-amyloid and other neurotoxins — with research in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. The short half-life of native VIP (~2 min) limits systemic use; therefore the key format remains inhalational delivery for pulmonary pathologies or targeted use in parenchymal protocols.
🔥 Immunoregulation (NF-κB, Treg, macrophages): ★★★★★
🫁 Bronchodilation and pulmonary anti-fibrosis: ★★★★★
🧠 Neuroprotection (ADNF, microglia): ★★★★☆
✅ Safety: ★★★☆☆ (endogenous molecule; short T½; hypotension with systemic administration)
⚠️ Possible sensations and side effects: vasodilation → flushing, BP reduction; tachycardia with rapid administration
🤝 Combinations (goal → stack)
🔥 Autoimmune protocol → VIP + KPV
🫁 Pulmonary protection → VIP + Bronchogen
🧠 Neuroinflammation → VIP + Thymosin Alpha 1
| CAS number | 37221-79-7 |
| Batch purity | 98.5 % |
Full information in our guide
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